Amateur Space-Watchers Identify Recon Role of the Air Force's Top-Secret X-37B Currently in Orbit Amateurs track X-37B across the sky From Popular Science; By Rebecca Boyle; 05.24.2010 Original Article

Space Plane Spy Amateur astronomers have unlocked some secrets of the X-37B space plane. NASA/Boeing via New York Times Amateur astronomers on two continents have spilled some military secrets, finding clues that suggest that the Air Force's recently-launched, top-secret X-37B spaceplane is being prepped for advanced recon missions, the New York Times reports. The X-37B has been shrouded in secrecy since it became a Pentagon project in 2006. Its launch April 22 on an Atlas 5 rocket at Cape Canaveral made headlines, but no one had much to say about its actual role, because the military is keeping mum. But amateur astronomers say it’s likely a spy craft, having tracked its orbital path. It has been flying between 40 degrees north and 40 degrees south latitude, a path that sends it flying over hot spots like Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and North Korea. It orbits about 255 miles up and it circles the Earth every 90 minutes, the amateur sat-trackers say. The Times reports on members of an international satellite-tracking team that congregates on the email list SeeSat, notably Ted Molczan, based in Toronto, and Greg Roberts in South Africa, who made independent observations of the space plane last week. Molczan said the X-37B was passing over the same region on the ground once every four days, a pattern he called "a common feature of U.S. imaging reconnaissance satellites.”

Molczan said most often, when amateurs identify a satellite, they've been looking for it; in this case, however, the discovery came about by chance, as another amateur caught the X-37B on video. The SeeSat searchers have made other significant discoveries before; Molczan et. al were the first to report observations of the Navy's destruction of a disabled spy satellite in February 2008. The X-37B, a smaller, unmanned space-shuttle-ish plane, can stay aloft for about nine months because it uses solar panels for power. Many military-watchers believe the current mission is meant to test equipment for a new generation of spy satellites. The X-37B was first conceived 11 years ago as a NASA project, but the Air Force took it over during the Bush administration. Since then, little has been publicly said about the space plane’s purpose. Some have speculated it will be used for space-based weapons, but the Pentagon denies this; Gary E. Payton, under secretary of the Air Force for space programs, told the Times the plane will have “no offensive capabilities.” He had previously said that the plane is ultimately meant to give the US new battlefield advantages.

X-37B Ready: Mr. X-37B, bring me a treat from space USAF The Union of Concerned Scientists and the Colorado-based Secure World Foundation have expressed concern about the craft, saying its costs outweigh its benefits and its secrecy could be counterproductive. Even if it’s not meant as a weapon, the Pentagon’s secrecy opens the door to speculation, according to Brian Weedon, a former Air Force officer now with the Secure World Foundation. Plus, as he points out, nothing in Earth orbit is exceedingly difficult to find if you have the right equipment and share your data openly, as is the norm in the amateur satellite-tracking community on the web. “If a bunch of amateurs can find it,” he said, “so can our adversaries.”

Original Article One system would enable hypersonic precision strikes around the world without warning, and the other might deliver space marines Future space marines might commemorate yesterday as a historic moment, based on the coinciding launches of DARPA's hypersonic glider and an Air Force space plane. Both test vehicles could pave the way for new warfighter transports or weapons systems, the Ares Defense Blog reports. DARPA's HTV-2 was first into the air, around 7 pm EDT. The hypersonic vehicle is designed to glide through the Earth's atmosphere at speeds 20 times greater than the speed of sound. The Santa Maria Times notes that several maneuvers were scheduled to test how HTV-2 handles during the hypersonic glide stage, before hurtling into the Pacific Ocean at more than 13,000 mph for a planned demise. A future hypersonic platform could theoretically deliver precision strikes to targets around the world with "little or no advanced warning," as DARPA puts it. A second test is planned for 2011, based on the success of yesterday's sortie. Barely an hour after the HTV-2 debut, the U.S. Air Force launched its X-37B space plane. That much-anticipated mission lofted the space plane -- powered by gallium arsenide solar cells with lithium-ion batteries -- into orbit for possibly as long as 270 days, according to the Ares Defense Blog. Like DARPA, the Air Force has remained relatively tight-lipped about the exact purpose of such a space plane. But it's not hard to imagine what hypersonic weapons or a space plane might do for the future of U.S. military operations, as far as speed of deployment is concerned.