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International Finance, Currencies and Exchange Rates These pages contain a series of recent essays and news articles on foreign exchange rates, international trade, surpluses and deficits, and the various political and other pressures applied to trade protectionism and exchange rates.

How to be a Responsible Global Citizen Pay the Price for my Sins Editorial by 龙信明	America's Plan to Destabilise China Currency: The Secret Weapon Editorial by 龙信明	How China Was Stolen The Destruction of China's Banking System by Chiang Kai Shek And the USA Editorial by 龙信明
US Harry Potter-Nomics The Fed is pumping trillions into the US banking system. Editorial by 龙信明	America’s Economic China Bashing A Compendium of Junk Economics.	Who's the currency manipulator? The US Federal Reserve has jolted the capital markets.
Why the U.S. has Launched a New Financial World War And How the World Will Fight Back.	Geithner's Hidden G-20 Agenda His disruption of SE Asia's export economies will not solve the US economic crisis.	The dollar? Someone else's problem.. Bernanke and Treasury Secretary John Connally (in 1971): "The dollar is our currency, but your problem."..
Who owns the US dollar? The FED is NOT a government entity.	Steep path to a modern-day Plaza Accord China argues that the Plaza Accord was disastrous for Japan.	The Yuan and the Absurdity of US Demands The US is trying to slow the growth of China
Dollars, Devaluations and Depressions: How the International Monetary System Creates Crises	China and the Yuan's Silver Standard The US has a long history of interfering in China's currency.	Debtor's Prison or Credit Control The Foundational Problem is the US Banking System.
Dr. Keynes killed the patient US consumers are trying their best to deleverage.	The Soros Syndrome Soros made his billions as a currency speculator.	The Great Transformation America's Third World Economy.
Why jobs have gone AWOL America's Pervasively Irresponsible Monetary Policy.	America's Jobs Losses are Permanent Globalism Comes Home to Roost.	Scrap Dollar as the Sole Reserve Currency From a UN Report
The Dollar is out of Control The US is Again Irresponsibly Inflating Itself out of Debt	When did we elect the bankers to supreme power? There is at last popular resistance to currency speculation

Testimony of John Frisbie, US-China Business Council Before the House Ways and Means Committee,	Correcting the RMB Exchange Rate Fred Bergsten to the Ways and Means Committee	Cultivating the Chinese Consumer Forcing a currency realignment would be a blunder of historic proportions.
China and the legacy of the Plaza Accord Similarities Between mid-80s Japan and China Today	Japanese Monetary Policy Since the 1980s Delayed Policy Actions & Explanations	The Nixon Shock and the Plaza Agreement Two Lessons from Japan's Failed Exchange Rate Policy (pdf)
Debt Crises and Market Turmoil Is The World Going Bankrupt?	Stephen Roach: China has had enough of hollow US promises	Financial Stimulus: China vs the US QE is a form of Financial Agression
Economic Analysis: QE3 May do More Harm Than Good	Winners and Losers The Fed's Stimulus Helped the Rich and Screwed the Poor	Why QE2 Failed: The Money All Went Offshore
Palais-Royal Initiative Reform of the International Monetary System	Enhancing International Monetary Stability - A Role for the SDR? Prepared by the IMF Strategy, Policy, and Review Department	America Needs to Wake Up to Financial Realities The US needs a rude awakening Click here for 中文
What Should China Do If the U.S. Money Machine Keeps Running? Click here for 中文	RMB's bumpy road ahead Appreciation expectations of speculators are posing challenges	Yuan expected to become major world currency Internationalization of the yuan
The RMB and the world's currency system The rise of China's currency could reshape the global monetary system	China Has a Yuan Asset to Sell You Beijing takes steps to make the renminbi an international currency	Global rebalancing; The clock ticks US pressure for China to revalue the yuan is reviving. Others are less fussed
The Yuan Thing That Matters The G-20 Meeting Will See the US Pushing China to Commit Economic Suicide	China balks at yuan change as euro falters Shanghai — The Associated Press	China Signals a Gradual Rise in Value of Its Currency Deflect international criticism of its fiscal policies
China hits back at U.S. over yuan US ‘politicizing’ the exchange issue as excuse for protectionism.	Demystifying the Exchange Rate Exchange rates are actually not complicated. Click here for 中文	China Bashing Over Yuan Needs a Long Rest It’s time for the U.S. to back off from bashing China
Blaming China Won’t Help the US Economy Chinese economic policy now serves as a model for other Asian countries	Money Wars: Beating Up on Beijing? Are the U.S. and China on a collision course?	Yuan’s Libido and Dollar’s Testosterone It is wrong to fear an imminent currency war.

U.S. Targets China in Launch of Currency War A war directed by special financial interest groups. Click here for 中文	China plays by its own currency rules The past two years have been tough on China-oriented Western economists.	Dollar Hegemony and the Rise of China Raising the RMB will not cure the US payments imbalance.
China's Real Monetary Problem Focus on yuan sterilization, not the yuan-dollar rate.	Currency Wars: A Fight to Be Weaker Tensions Grow in Foreign-Exchange Markets	China should not take the medicine for a US illness The US government manipulates its own currency?
Yuan bashing not the solution We cannot solve our problems by bashing the Chinese.	Stable yuan to help internationalization moves China's effort to internationalize the currency	Heavy in Dollars, China Warns of Depreciation China offers a rare glimpse into its foreign exchange reserves
Why Settling Trade In Yuan Matters PBOC Deputy Governor Hu Xiaolian talks about the RMB	Banks Want Renminbi to be Used for Trade Banks on International Roadshows to Promote RMB Trade	Too Much Money Coming In? Asia Has the Answer A flood of new funds into the region
China as Collateral Damage Bernanke's Biggest Problem.	Yuan Revaluation may Remain on Back Burner The sharp fall in China's trade surplus suggests no imminent revaluation.	China should drive a Hard Bargain with the US China must internationalize the yuan and increase revenue
China's Yuan Gains in Clout on World Markets A new heavyweight is flexing its muscles in the $3 trillion-a-day market	RMB Revaluation would hurt US Jobs Reprint of a Report on Currencies	China's Economic Growth Surges. Reprint of an article published in the Globe & Mail